L'étude aborde la question de la méthode théologique, en considérant sa nature et sa typologie, ses possibilités et ses limites, ainsi que les conditions de sa légitimité devant les instances du «depositum fidei». On attribue une importance spéciale à la tension de fond entre l'usage de la méthode kérygmatique et de la méthode dialogale dans la théologie du passé, mais surtout dans le débat actuel, spécialement entre divers courants de la théologie de la transcendance, telles les «théologies de la parole» (...) et la «méthode de corrélation», ou encore entre les «théologies du mystère» et la «méthode transcendantale». Pareille tension s'aggrave dans les «théologies de l'immanence», telles les théologies de la «mort de Dieu» ou les «théologies de l'histoire», ou entre les «théologies de la modernité» et certaines «théologies de la praxis». A la fin de ce panorama du pluralisme méthodologique actuel, on formule certains principes fondamentaux sur le problème débattu. Finalement, on considère le caractère obligatoire du «depositum fidei» comme instance théologique définitive. (shrink)

Retornando al modelo dialógico del discurso racional de la antigüedad, describimos a la lógica como el estudio del flujo general de la información: inferencia, observación y comunicación. Mostramos cómo esta perspectiva aúna ideas de la lógica estándar, la filosofía, la lingüística, la informática y la teoría de juegos.

Objectives: to assess physicians’ and patients’ views in Saudi Arabia towards involving the patient versus the family in the process of diagnosis disclosure and decision-making, and to compare them with views from the USA and Japan.Design: A self-completion questionnaire was translated to Arabic and validated.Participants: Physicians from different specialties and ranks and patients in a hospital or attending outpatient clinics from 6 different regions in KSA.Results: In the case of a patient with incurable cancer, 67% of doctors and 51% of (...) patients indicated that they would inform the patient in preference to the family of the diagnosis . Assuming the family already knew, 56% of doctors and 49% of patients would tell the patient even if family objected . However, in the case of HIV infection, 59% of physicians and 81% of patients would inform the family about HIV status without the patient’s consent . With regards to withholding ventilatory support, about 50% of doctors and over 60% of patients supported the use of mechanical ventilation in a patient with advanced cancer, regardless of the wishes of the patient or the family. Finally, the majority of doctors and patients were against assisted suicide.Conclusions: Although there was more recognition for a patient’s autonomy amongst physicians, most patients preferred a family centred model of care. Views towards information disclosure were midway between those of the USA and Japan. Distinctively, however, decisions regarding life prolonging therapy and assisted suicide were not influenced to a great extent by wishes of the patient or family, but more likely by religious beliefs. (shrink)